Types of prostatitis in men

Prostate disease is one of the most common and insidious diseases affecting men over 40 years of age.At first, patients may not even realize there is a problem, but over time the symptoms make themselves felt.If you do not consult a doctor in time, prostatitis becomes chronic and complications may arise.Depending on the severity, cause and nature of the course, different types of prostatitis are distinguished.

Types of prostatitis according to the form of occurrence:

• spicy;
• chronic;
• latent.

What kind of prostatitis occurs due to:

• herpetic;
• bacterial;
• calculous;
• stagnant;
• infectious;
• purulent;
• chlamydial;
• fungal;
• gonorrheal;
• fibrous.

Classification

Faced with such an unpleasant disease of the genitourinary system as inflammation of the prostate gland, many men wonder why prostatitis occurred in them.

Understanding the etiology of the disease helps to make an accurate diagnosis and promotes effective prevention.

According to the flow form

According to the form of its course, prostatitis is divided into acute, chronic and latent, among which catarrhal, follicular, and parenchymal (purulent) are distinguished.

The following forms of the disease are distinguished:

• With catarrhal prostatitis, the male body experiences urination disorders and discomfort in the pubic area.This is the most common type of acute prostatitis.
• Follicular prostatitis is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the groin or anus, increased body temperature, and severe urinary problems (dysuria).In a more advanced form, when the patient postpones a visit to the doctor, acute pain occurs when urinating, and urinary retention occurs.
• Parenchymal prostatitis - an abscess with purulent contents forms in the body of the prostate gland.In this case, fever occurs, sharp pain appears with a frequent urge to urinate.The temperature rises to 39–40 °C, the act of defecation becomes almost impossible.

Acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a condition in which there is inflammation of the prostate gland, occurring in a short time and characterized by various symptoms.Swelling of the gland occurs, provoked by the negative effects of pathogenic microflora.Pathogenic bacteria disrupt the integrity of tissues, causing constant discomfort in the pelvic area even at rest.

There are several preferential ways for infection to enter the prostate gland:

• for inflammation of the rectum - the lymphogenous route;
• after infectious diseases - hematogenous;
• directly through the urethra - canalicular.

Excessive accumulation of contents in the prostate gland creates excellent conditions for the proliferation of bacteria, which causes various complications:

• abscess;
• prostate adenoma;
• prostate cancer;
• loss of potency;
• infertility.

The symptoms of prostatitis are so painful that the patient is forced to urgently consult a doctor for help.If this is not done on time, prostatitis will become chronic, which is much more difficult to cure.Antibacterial therapy in combination with drugs that strengthen the immune system effectively fights the disease.

Chronic prostatitis

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis are usually detected against the background of congestion in the prostate gland, resulting from an untreated acute disease.Usually occurs in men over 50 years of age who have not sought help and self-medicated.Many of them experienced complications due to concomitant diseases.In addition, at this age, not everyone is sexually active enough, as a result of which the secretion thickens and stagnates in the prostate, which leads to dysfunction.Interrupted sexual intercourse also provokes fluid stagnation.According to modern research, about 40% of people experiencing symptoms of chronic prostatitis experience erection problems.

Chronic prostatitis, as a rule, has mild symptoms that appear only during an exacerbation.Patients report dull pain in the groin area, which intensifies after exercise and at the end of the day.Often the pain radiates to the lower back, scrotum and perineum.Frequent urination is noted, especially at night, the flow is intermittent, and the flow is crooked.

Sexual intercourse becomes less prolonged, incomplete erection is noted, and sometimes pain occurs in the head of the penis.Infertility is usually found in people with chronic prostatitis; impotence practically does not occur at this stage of the disease.Sometimes there is a change in the color of the genital organs; due to improper blood circulation, they become purple.

Each of the symptoms of prostatitis intensifies if left untreated.The condition is similar to manifestations during the acute course of the disease.Weakened immunity, stress, neglect of diet, bad habits - all this leads to exacerbation and worsening of the condition.

Often the chronic form leads to the appearance of symptoms of diseases such as cystitis, kidney disease, and adenoma.The risk of urolithiasis and the formation of a malignant tumor increases.Often the pathological process is practically asymptomatic and is discovered completely accidentally during laboratory tests associated with another disease.

Due to the occurrence

There are many reasons that provoke the development of prostatitis of infectious and non-infectious etiology, as well as predisposing factors.Due to their occurrence, the following types of prostatitis are distinguished:

• bacterial;
• calculous;
• stagnant;
• infectious;
• purulent.

A sedentary lifestyle, frequent hypothermia, rare sexual activity, interrupted sexual intercourse, smoking, alcohol abuse, stressful situations - all these circumstances affect the stagnation of secretions in the vessels of the prostate gland and in the vessels located next to it.Prostatitis is classified into several forms depending on the reasons for its occurrence.

Bacterial prostatitis

Bacterial prostatitis is caused by bacteria that penetrate the prostate gland in various ways.This can be either one type of bacteria or a group of them.The disease can be caused by:

• fungi;
• gonococci;
• Koch stick;
• chlamydia;
• several types of bacteria at once.

The inflammatory process is most often associated with the penetration of bacteria caused by sexually transmitted diseases into the prostate gland.Chaotic sex with frequent changes of partners and without the use of protection leads to diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and fungal infections.In addition, the development of pathology is facilitated by a decrease in immunity due to disruption of work and rest.Bad habits such as smoking, drinking alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, etc. also reduce immunity.

The most obvious symptoms accompanying bacterial prostatitis include burning, pain and cloudy discharge during urination.The smell of urine is unpleasant.General symptoms accompanying intoxication are observed: dizziness, weakness, nausea, fever.There is pain during ejaculation and sometimes blood is present.With chronic bacterial prostatitis, urination becomes more frequent and yellowish or greenish discharge appears from the genitals.

Calculous prostatitis

With calculous prostatitis, stones form in the ducts of the prostate gland.This form of the disease is very complex and is accompanied by severe pain.Conglomerates come in various origins: phosphates, oxalates, with a predominance of calcium and protein.

There are two reasons for the formation of stones in the ducts: stagnation of the contents of the gland and reflux of urine into the prostate.

Stagnation is associated with various factors that interfere with the normal outflow of secreted fluid.Long-term sexual abstinence, hyperplasia, the presence of a tumor closing the ducts, and a sedentary lifestyle lead to stagnation of secretions and disruption of the vascular and lymphatic systems.

Urinary reflux is provoked by a malfunction of the sphincter, which relaxes, and urine flows both out and in.The presence of stones and sand in the bladder contributes to the development of stones in the prostate ducts.They are carried there with urine, settle and continue to grow, eventually reducing the outlet.Sphincter dysfunction can result from genital injuries and surgical interventions.

At first, the calculous form of prostatitis is asymptomatic; as the stones grow, symptoms appear and increase.There is pain in the lower abdomen or scrotum, radiating to the buttocks and lower back.Pain at rest is not observed and occurs only during physical activity, defecation and urination, as well as during sexual intercourse and when walking.

Large stones with sharp edges injure the canal during their movement, which leads not only to pain, but also to the release of blood in the urine and ejaculate.Wounds from stones can easily become infected, and then calculous prostatitis will turn into infectious.

After about a month, with calculous prostatitis, the functioning of the entire body is disrupted, the person feels unwell, experiences insomnia, increased fatigue and irritability.

In advanced stages of the calculous form of prostatitis, after a complete diagnostic examination, medication is prescribed and surgical treatment is performed to remove conglomerates.

Congestive prostatitis

The stagnant type of prostatitis occurs due to retention of secretions in the prostate gland.Most often, such problems are observed in men with sedentary work who do not play sports.As a result of physical inactivity, blood circulation in the pelvic organs is impaired, the prostate suffers from insufficient oxygen and nutrients, stagnation and inflammation occur.If nothing is done, the disease becomes chronic and causes great discomfort.

Congestive prostatitis is provoked by irregular sex life or its complete absence.In this case, men must free the gland from secretion on their own, but do not overdo it, since regular masturbation can cause harm due to incomplete ejaculation.Many spouses have found a method of preventing pregnancy for themselves, such as interrupted sexual intercourse.This also leads to incomplete ejaculation and the development of inflammation.

Sometimes the provoking factor is hypothermia or varicose veins.Anomalies in the structure of the prostate gland can also cause stagnation.Regular overheating of the pelvic area and constant constipation adversely affect the production of secretions.Depending on the factors that provoke the disease, there are several types of congestive prostatitis.

• Venous prostatitis.It occurs in people who suffer from varicose veins of the lower extremities.This disease affects all organs in the pelvis due to improper blood circulation.
• Congestive.Develops with partial emptying of the prostate gland.Gradual overflow leads to stagnation.
• Chronic.It develops when an incorrect lifestyle has become a habit.If nothing is done to change the situation, the disease becomes chronic.It occurs more often in single men suffering from obesity already in adulthood, when the anamnesis is complicated by concomitant diseases.At this stage, the prostate often increases in size, which is easy to determine upon examination.
• Infectious.It joins an existing inflammation of the prostate when an infection enters the genitourinary system.

The symptoms of prostatitis that appear are caused by difficulty urinating, pain in the groin, straining during bowel movements, and weakened sexual activity.As a result of these symptoms, with congestive types of prostatitis, poor health, irritability develops, performance decreases, and sleep is disturbed.

Infectious prostatitis

Microorganisms that can provoke the appearance of signs of acute prostatitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Eltirococcus, Klebsiella.There are bacteria that are constantly in the body, but in a dormant state they do not lead to inflammatory processes.When penetrating through the urethra onto the mucous membrane of the prostate gland, the process of development and reproduction of microorganisms begins, resulting in inflammation.Indiscriminate and unprotected sex also allows harmful bacteria to enter the body.

Characteristic symptoms are pain in the scrotum, perineum, lower abdomen, lower back, pain and burning in the pelvis.Difficulty urinating, acute urinary retention occurs.In addition to the listed symptoms that accompany the infectious type of prostatitis, constipation, discharge from the urethra, hemospermia and pain during ejaculation may occur.

This is a dangerous disease that, even in the earliest stages, can provoke infection of a sexual partner, lead to general blood poisoning or the development of pyelonephritis and cystitis.

Purulent prostatitis

Purulent prostatitis usually develops when a bacterial infection enters the prostate.The disease occurs in four stages.

• Catarrhal.Develops after suffering from acute respiratory viral infection, sore throat, or influenza.There is purulent content in the urine.There is a burning sensation when the bladder is empty.Patients note a weakening of potency.The process that accompanies this type of prostatitis involves the superficial tissues of the prostate.
• Focal.The process extends to glandular tissue.The ducts swell, the outflow is disrupted.The gland increases in size due to the accumulation of pus in it, which is released in the urine.Body temperature rises.
• Parenchymatous.The connective tissue is involved in the process, the swelling becomes even greater, and the temperature can reach 40 °C.The bursting pain in the anus does not give rest, and a false urge to defecate is felt.
• Abscessing.The most insidious form of prostatitis.The temperature drops heavily, there is abundant presence of pus and unbearable pain.This stage can be complicated by peritonitis and can be fatal.

Purulent prostatitis can be complicated by symptoms and diseases such as paraproctitis, paracystitis, abscess, and sepsis.Typically, these pathologies are treated surgically and involve removal of purulent bags.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of the types of prostatitis is not particularly difficult and begins with collecting an anamnesis, which helps to more accurately understand the picture of the disease.Then a rectal examination is performed, during which the size of the gland is determined, the nature of the pain is determined, and the presence of swelling and induration is detected.

In order to make a correct diagnosis, laboratory tests are prescribed:

• urine test;
• urine culture with AB sensitivity test;
• general blood test;
• prostate secretion analysis;
• biochemical blood test;
• rectal examination.

Additional diagnostics include instrumental research methods.First of all, an ultrasound is performed; if necessary, MRI and TRUS are additionally prescribed.Relatively recently, a new PET examination method has appeared; it is considered the most informative.

Treatment of inflammation

Urologists treat all types of prostatitis.Traditional methods are good, but only together with medical prescriptions and with the permission of the attending physician.

First you need to find out the cause that caused the disease, and only after that can symptomatic treatment be carried out.

• Active antibacterial therapy helps cure prostatitis.Parenteral administration of antibiotics is most effective.
• For severe pain, painkillers and diuretics are indicated.
• For constipation, laxatives are prescribed.
• For severe pain and difficulty urinating, novocaine blockades are placed.
• A course of vitamin therapy and immunocorrectors is indicated.
• It is worth adhering to a special diet that excludes spicy, salty, and smoked foods.
• Bed rest is prescribed.

Local procedures include sitz baths with water at a temperature two degrees higher than body temperature.Enemas are made with a herbal decoction of anti-inflammatory herbs with the addition of 1% anesthetic, while the contents are slowly introduced into the intestines and left there as long as the patient can withstand.

Physiotherapeutic treatment also has a beneficial effect on restoring prostate function.Prostate massage is prohibited for acute prostatitis, but is recommended for chronic prostatitis.To restore metabolism, normal blood circulation and relieve swelling, UHF and microwave are prescribed.

If urination is delayed for a long time, a catheter is installed.In some stages of the disease, surgical treatment is indicated to open the purulent sacs and install drainage.

Treatment of acute prostatitis takes from several weeks to a month.A favorable outcome is usually observed.If the disease has become complicated or has reached a chronic stage, the process will be complex, long and may take several months.

During treatment, restriction of sexual activity and the use of personal protective equipment are indicated.

A medical physiotherapeutic device helps cure prostatitis.It effectively eliminates the symptoms of prostatitis, is able to restore reduced sexual activity, eliminates pain, relieves swelling and inflammation.The device can be used at home both for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the pelvic organs.

The device will relieve muscle tension, improve sperm production, strengthen blood vessels and prevent the development of other possible diseases in the pelvis.The device, which is used to treat prostatitis in men, is easy to use, equipped with a regulator for heating and vibration modes, and runs on mains power.Compact dimensions allow the device to be used in any conditions.

How to prevent the development of the disease?

Prevention of various types of prostatitis, like any other disease, is to maintain a healthy lifestyle, avoid bad habits and have a balanced diet.If you have been diagnosed with prostatitis, you should not neglect exercise.If any outbreak of inflammation occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor to eliminate the cause and prevent the infection from spreading to other organs.

You should lead a decent lifestyle and regularly have sex with a regular partner.It is important not to forget about personal hygiene of the genital organs and not to neglect regular preventive examinations by a urologist.If a man knows what prostatitis can be, and at the same time leads a passive lifestyle, he needs to do exercises that prevent the appearance of congestion in the pelvis.

Let's sum it up

Depending on the causes and characteristics of the course, acute and chronic types of prostatitis are diagnosed.A separate group includes chronic pelvic pain syndrome.Acute prostatitis is characterized by clinical manifestations such as chills, fever and pain.The chronic form may not manifest itself in any way or has a vague picture: impaired urination, aching pain in the pelvic area, which, as complications develop, can lead to impotence and loss of fertility.

Acute prostatitis develops suddenly and is easily diagnosed.In contrast, chronic prostatitis occurs in waves, alternating periods of remission and exacerbation.In chronic cases, identifying pathogenic microbes can cause certain difficulties.Foci of infection that occur in the genitourinary system provoke complications in the form of diseases of the organs anatomically adjacent to the prostate gland.Depending on what kind of prostatitis was diagnosed, the urologist prescribes a differentiated treatment regimen.